Disease Description: A condition where the uterus does not have the muscular strength to proceed with the birth process, and not due to any acquired problems (e.g., malnutrition).

Inherit Mode: -

Disease Symptom: -

Disease Cause: Several causes have been found: 1.Breed predisposition;Large litter overstretching the uterus. 2. Small litter not stimulating the uterus enough. 3.Small foetuses cannot apply enough pressure on the uterine wall and cervix to set up the Fergusson reflex. 4.Systemic disease: Obesity and lack of exercise, hypocalcaemia, septicaemia.Complete primary uterine inertia occurs if 2nd stage labour does not begin. Partial inertia occurs if the 2nd stage begins but contractions soon fail.

Disease Diagnose: Physical examination may help identify foetuses in the birth canal. Digital examination of the vagina will also enable the uterine and vaginal tone to be assessed.Lack of a response to pressure per vaginum indicates a lack of the Ferguson reflex which indicates uterine intertia.Radiography can be taken to assess the number and size of foetuses.Ultrasound can help assess foetal viability.

Treat Method: If the bitch is in good condition with normal sized puppies and no obstruction, medical treatment can be attempted.Oxytocin can be administered intramuscularly, repeated at 30 minutes for a maximum of 3 injections.Calcium gluconate or dextrose solution can also be administered if a suspicion of hypocalcaemia or hypoglycaemia exists.A caesarean section is indicated if there is no response to the oxytocin, or if the foetuses are too large for a vaginal birth.

Breeder Advice: -

Disease Description Source: Link