The influence of immune heterogeneity on the effectiveness of immune checkpoint inhibitors in multifocal hepatocellular carcinomas
Release date:
2020-09-30
Description:
Immunotherapy is emerging as a promising strategy in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but its low response rate and mixed responses among different nodules remained to be a major challenge. In this study, we deciphered genomic and immune characteristics among tumors with different sizes in multifocal HCC patients through whole genome sequencing and RNA sequencing. We found the small and large nodules within the same patient presented with similar genomic characteristics, indicating that the small and large nodules were intrahepatic metastasis. Further analysis revealed that the small tumors had higher immune cell infiltration and upregulation of immune pathways as compared to the large tumor of the same multifocal HCC case, which may partially explain the different responses of small and large tumors to anti-PD-1 treatment.
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HRA000176.xlsx