Scientific Name	Oryza sativa
Common Name	red rice;
Taxonomy ID	4530
Lineage	cellular organisms > Viridiplantae > Streptophyta > Streptophytina > Embryophyta > Tracheophyta > Euphyllophyta > Spermatophyta > Magnoliophyta > Mesangiospermae > Liliopsida > Petrosaviidae > commelinids > Poales > Poaceae > BOP clade > Oryzoideae > Oryzeae > Oryzinae > Oryza
External Links	NCBI; EBI; JGI; PLAZA; Specialized Database
Representative Assembly	Build 4.0	GCF_000005425.2	DNA GFF RNA Protein

Assemblies

Description:

Oryza sativa, commonly known as Asian rice, is the plant species most commonly referred to as rice. Rice is one of the most important food crops in the world and feeds more people than any other crop. It is also renowned for being easy to genetically modify, and is a model organism for cereal biology. Rice belongs to the genus Oryza which includes approximately 24 species. They are widely distributed growing in different habitats and different soil types. They show differences in plant growth, yield, pest and disease resistance, stress tolerance and water requirenment. Rice grain is classified as short, medium or long grain sizes and and exhibits colors like brown, black, purple, and red.The genus Oryza has ten recognized genome types. They are AA, BB, CC, BBCC, CCDD, EE, HHKK, HHJJ, FF, and GG. There is a five fold difference in genome size among the species with diploid species having 2n = 24 and tetraploid species having 2n = 48 chromosomes. The cultivated species are O. glaberrima, in West and Central Africa, and O. sativa with three cultivars, japonica, indica, and javanica.O. sativa L. is the most consumed rice species and is the staple food for more than half of the world's population. It grows through out the world and can be found in all kinds of climates. It is diploid with AA genome type. O. sativa L. ssp japonica is the rice variety grown in subtropics and temperate climates. It prefers heavy, relatively impervious soil and is tolerant to flooding. The grains are generally rounder and shorter. It has a genome size of 389 Mb. It has been sequenced to 10x coverage by the members of the International Rice Genome Sequencing Project (IRGSP). O. sativa L. ssp indica is a rice variety grown throughout the world. It has an estimated genome size of 466 Mb. It generally bears long, slender grains. A WGS project has developed an improved version of this at 6.28x coverage.